The stomach is a muscular organ located in the upper abdomen and plays a vital role in the digestive system. Its main functions include:
- Storage: The stomach acts as a temporary reservoir for food, allowing us to eat larger meals and store them until they can be gradually released into the small intestine for further digestion.
- Mechanical Digestion: The stomach’s muscular walls contract and churn the food, breaking it down into smaller particles and mixing it with gastric juices to form a semi-liquid mixture called chyme.
- Acid and Enzyme Secretion: The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes, such as pepsin, which help break down proteins and kill harmful bacteria present in the food.
- Limited Absorption: While most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, the stomach can absorb certain substances like water, alcohol, and some medications.
- Regulation of Emptying: The stomach regulates the rate at which the chyme is released into the small intestine to ensure proper digestion and absorption without overwhelming the system.
Overall, the stomach plays a crucial role in the early stages of digestion by breaking down food and preparing it for further processing in the small intestine.
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