Sample paper Chapter – Moving Charges and Magnetism

  1. Biot-Savart Law
    This law provides a mathematical description of the magnetic field generated by a small current element. It states that the magnetic field is proportional to the current, inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and depends on the angle between the current element and the point of measurement.
  2. Ampere’s Circuital Law
    This law relates the magnetic field around a closed loop to the total current passing through the loop.
  3. Lorentz Force
    A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force called the Lorentz force. This force is perpendicular to both the velocity of the charge and the magnetic field.Formula: F = q(v × B)
    Where:
    • F = Magnetic force
    • q = Charge
    • v = Velocity of the charge
    • B = Magnetic field
  4. Magnetic Fields Due to Current-Carrying Conductors
    • Straight Conductor: The magnetic field forms concentric circles around the conductor.
    • Circular Loop: The magnetic field lines are similar to that of a bar magnet, with a defined north and south pole.
    • Solenoid: A coil of wire generates a uniform magnetic field, mimicking a bar magnet.

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